Insights
What Is a CCPS and Why Venture Investors Prefer It
Compulsorily Convertible Preference Shares — FEMA treatment, conversion mechanics, liquidation preference, and founder economics. India founder guide.
Franchise Agreements in India: Legal Essentials for Both Sides
Trademark licence, territory, royalty, quality control, and termination — drafting essentials for Indian franchise agreements absent a standalone franchise law.
How to Draft a Software Development Agreement: 10 Essential Provisions
Scope, IP assignment, milestones, acceptance, escrow, warranties, and liability — ten provisions every Indian software development agreement must address.
Material Adverse Change Clauses: What They Cover and When They Apply
MAC/MAE clauses in Indian M&A and financing — carve-outs, knowledge qualifiers, burden of proof, and when parties can actually invoke them in…
Force Majeure Clauses After COVID: What Indian Courts Have Held
Energy Watchdog, Halliburton, MEP Infrastructure — what Indian courts have held on force majeure post-COVID and how to draft clauses that survive…
Guarantees in Commercial Lending: Rights and Obligations Under Indian Law
Section 126-147 Contract Act, personal and corporate guarantees, discharge triggers, and IBC Part III implications for guarantors. Lender and guarantor guide.
External Commercial Borrowings: A Guide to India’s ECB Framework
Eligible borrowers, recognised lenders, all-in-cost ceilings, end-use rules, and RBI reporting under the ECB Master Direction. Indian borrower guide.
Loan Documentation in India: What Lenders and Borrowers Must Get Right
Facility, hypothecation, mortgage, guarantee, and intercreditor documents — common drafting errors that undermine enforcement and how to avoid them.
Founders’ Agreement: Why It Is the Most Important Document a Startup Signs
Equity split, vesting, exit, IP assignment, and decision rights — the provisions every founders’ agreement must cover to survive a co-founder dispute.
Convertible Notes vs SAFEs in India: What Founders Must Understand
How FEMA, pricing norms, and the Companies Act change the way convertible notes and SAFEs work in India. Founder-facing guide before early-stage…